Characters.get('e', 0) tells python to search for The main element 'e' within the dictionary. If it isn't really identified it returns 0. Due to the fact this is the first time 'e' is passed in the loop, the character 'e' is just not located in the dictionary yet, Hence the https://dallasoolga.rimmablog.com/35418688/how-much-you-need-to-expect-you-ll-pay-for-a-good-buy-copyright-usa